Wisconsin Titanic: Criminal Probe Heading Scott Walker’s Way

This morning, a criminal complaint filed in circuit court alleges that William Gardner, the president and CEO of Wisconsin & Southern Railroad Co., skirted campaign donation laws by soliciting employees to give to Scott Walker’s campaign and then reimbursing them, in what amounts to two felony counts. It has also come out that Walker’s campaign then reimbursed Gardner and seven additional railroad employees to the tune of $43,800, which indicates a criminal probe is imminent of Walker’s campaign.

The Wisconsin State Journal reports:

It’s illegal to direct company funds to political campaigns in the state. But William Gardner, the president and CEO of Wisconsin & Southern Railroad Co., told the state last May that he gave company money to reimburse employees for making political donations to Gov. Scott Walker and other political candidates.

Gardner was charged Monday morning with two felony counts of violating campaign finance laws, including charges of excessive political contributions and unlawful political contributions…

Last May, Walker’s campaign reimbursed Gardner and seven additional railroad employees $43,800, spokeswoman Jill Bader said at the time.

Wisconsin state law states that , “No person may, directly or indirectly, make any contribution other than from funds or property belonging to the contributor. No person may, directly or indirectly, furnish funds or property to another person for the purpose of making a contribution in other than the person’s own name. No person may intentionally accept or receive any contribution made in violation of this subsection.” Furthermore, the law elaborates, “The unit of prosecution under sub. (1) is every transfer of funds to another person accompanied by the false listing of any single contributor. An individual illegally furnishing funds from a corporate account may be convicted under sub.”

The state might be trying to get William Gardner to testify against Walker with the two felony counts. If this is legitimate, the people of Wisconsin have more than enough reason to oust Walker. If it’s unclear how serious this is, think Tom DeLay.

A pattern of systemic corruption within the Wisconsin Republican Party is being established by recent events. What we have here is a pattern of reckless disregard for the law, which I deeply suspect will eventually rear its head in the Wisconsin Supreme Court race as well, though we don’t know exactly how yet. But the Walker administration and the Republicans in the state Senate and House have established a pattern of violating the law, now topped off by allegations against a donor of violations of campaign laws.

At 2PM Wisconsin time, the state Government Accountability Board and Milwaukee County district attorney’s office will have a press conference to discuss the news of their investigation. A criminal probe is heading Walker’s way or has already hit.

If the GAB and DA can prove their allegations and the probe extends to Walker’s campaign itself, it suggests that Walker and his gang are not only corrupt, but inept criminals who have brazenly broken the law at every turn in an executive power grab that will go down in history as an example of what not to do.


Wisconsin Titanic: Criminal Probe Fyrirsögn Way Scott Walker

Í morgun, glæpamaður kvörtun í dómi hringrás staðhæfa að William Gardner, forseti og forstjóri Wisconsin & Southern Railroad Co skirted herferð framlag reglum af leita eftir starfsmönnum til að gefa herferðinni Scott Walker og síðan reimbursing þeim, í það nemur tveimur felony telja. Það hefur einnig komið í ljós að herferð Walker er síðan endurgreitt Gardner og sjö starfsmönnum járnbraut til að stilla af $ 43.800, sem bendir glæpamaður rannsaka er yfirvofandi af herferðinni Walker.

The Wisconsin State Journal skýrslur:

Það er ólöglegt að beina fyrirtæki fé til að pólitískum herferðum í því ríki. En William Gardner, forseti og forstjóri Wisconsin & Southern Railroad Co, sagði ríkisins í maí sl að hann gaf félaginu fé til að endurgreiða starfsmönnum fyrir að fjárframlögum til Gov Scott Walker og annarra pólitískra frambjóðenda.

Gardner var falið mánudagsmorgun með tveimur felony telja að brjóta gegn herferð fjármál lögum, þ.mt gjöld af miklum pólitískum framlög og ólögleg pólitísk framlög ...

Last May, herferð Walker endurgreitt Gardner og sjö starfsmönnum járnbraut $ 43.800, talsmaður Jill Bader sagði á þeim tíma.

Wisconsin ríki lögum segir: "Enginn má, beint eða óbeint, gera framlag en úr sjóðum eða eignum sem tilheyra framlög. Enginn má, beint eða óbeint, láta sjóða eða eigna til annars aðila í þeim tilgangi að gera sitt af mörkum í öðrum en eigin nafni viðkomandi. Enginn má af ásettu ráði að samþykkja eða taka við framlag í bága við þessa undirkafla. "Enn fremur, lögum skýrðar," Eining ákæru samkvæmt undir. (1) er hvern flutning á fjármunum til annars aðila fylgja rangar skráningar hvaða einstaka framlög. Einstaklingur húsbúnaður ólöglega fé frá sameiginlegur reikningur getur verið dæmdur samkvæmt a. "

Ríkið gæti verið að reyna að fá William Gardner til að vitna gegn Walker með tveimur felony telja. Ef þetta er lögmætur, fólkið í Wisconsin hafa meira en nóg ástæða til að koma frá Walker. Ef það er óljóst hversu alvarlegt þetta er, held Tom Delay.

A mynstur almenn spilling innan Wisconsin Repúblikanaflokkurinn er komið af nýlegum atburðum. Hvað höfum við hér er mynstur kærulaus lítilsvirðingu um lög, sem ég gruna djúpt mun að lokum aftan höfuðið í Wisconsin Hæstiréttur keppninni eins vel, þó við vitum ekki nákvæmlega hvernig ennþá. En Walker er gefið og Republicans í stöðu Öldungadeild og House hafa stofnað mynstur að brjóta lög, nú toppað burt með ásakanir gegn gjafa um brot á lögum herferð.

Kl 14:00 Wisconsin tíma, ríkið ríkisstjórnin ábyrgð stjórnar og Milwaukee County District Attorney's Office verður á blaðamannafundi til að ræða fréttir af rannsókn sinni. A glæpamaður Probe stefnir hátt Walker eða hefur þegar högg.

Ef Gab og DA getur sannað ásakanir sínar og rannsaka nær að herferðin Walker sig, bendir það að Walker og klíka hans eru ekki bara spillt, en inept glæpamenn sem hafa brazenly brjóta lög á hverjum snúa í framkvæmdarvald grípa sem vilja fara niður í sögu sem dæmi um það sem ekki að gera.


Wisconsin Titanic: Criminal Probe weg Scott Walker's Way

Vanmorgen, een strafrechtelijke klacht ingediend in Circuit Court beweert dat William Gardner, de president en CEO van Wisconsin & Southern Railroad Co, skirted campagne donatie wetten door tippelen werknemers te geven om campagne te voeren Scott Walker en vervolgens de terugbetaling van hen, in welke hoeveelheden aan twee misdrijf telt. Het heeft ook naar buiten komen dat Walker de campagne dan Gardner en zeven extra spoorlijn werknemers terugbetaald tot het bedrag van 43.800 dollar, wat wijst op een criminele probe dreigt van de campagne Walker.

De Wisconsin State Journal verslagen:

Het is verboden om bedrijfs-middelen rechtstreeks aan politieke campagnes in de staat. Maar William Gardner, de president en CEO van Wisconsin & Southern Railroad Co, vertelde de staat vorig jaar mei dat hij bedrijf geld gaf aan de werknemers te vergoeden voor het maken van politieke donaties aan gouverneur Scott Walker en andere politieke kandidaten.

Gardner werd geladen maandagochtend met twee misdrijf telt van het schenden van campagne financiële wetten, inclusief de kosten van buitensporige politieke bijdragen en onrechtmatige politieke bijdragen ...

Vorig jaar mei, Walker's campagne Gardner en zeven extra medewerkers spoorlijn 43.800 dollar terugbetaald, woordvoerster Jill Bader zei op het moment.

Wisconsin State wet bepaalt dat, "Niemand mag, direct of indirect, enkele bijdrage leveren, andere dan van fondsen of eigendommen van de medewerker. Niemand mag, direct of indirect, leveren geld of goederen aan een andere persoon voor het doel van het maken van een bijdrage in een andere dan de eigen naam van de persoon. Niemand mag opzettelijk aanvaarden of ontvangen, elke bijdrage in overtreding van deze subafdeling. "Bovendien, de wet uitgewerkt," De eenheid van vervolging op grond van sub. (1) is elke overdracht van middelen aan een andere persoon vergezeld door de valse lijst van een enkele medewerker. Een individuele inrichting illegaal geld van een corporate account kan worden veroordeeld onder sub. "

De staat zou kunnen proberen te krijgen William Gardner om tegen Walker getuigen met de twee misdrijf telt. Als dit legitiem is, de mensen van Wisconsin hebben meer dan genoeg reden om Walker te verdrijven. Als het niet duidelijk hoe ernstig dit is, denk dat Tom DeLay.

Een patroon van systematische corruptie binnen de Wisconsin Republikeinse Partij wordt opgericht door de recente gebeurtenissen. Wat we hier hebben is een patroon van roekeloze onverschilligheid voor de wet, die diep ik vermoed dat zal uiteindelijk de kop opsteken in het Wisconsin Hooggerechtshof race als goed, hoewel we niet precies weten hoe nog niet. Maar de Walker bestuur en de Republikeinen in de staat Senaat en het Huis hebben een patroon van de wet te overtreden, nu bekroond door beschuldigingen tegen een donor van schendingen van de campagne wetten.

Op veertien Wisconsin tijd zal de staat Government Accountability Board en Milwaukee County District Attorney's Office hebben een persconferentie om het nieuws van hun onderzoek te bespreken. Een crimineel sonde is post Walker de weg of al heeft getroffen.

Als de GAB en DA kan bewijzen hun beweringen en de sonde strekt zich uit tot campagne Walker's zelf, het suggereert dat Walker en zijn bende niet alleen corrupt, maar onbeholpen criminelen die schaamteloos de wet overtreden bij elke wending in een uitvoerende macht te grijpen, dat zal gaan de geschiedenis in als een voorbeeld van wat niet te doen.

Titanic Struggle Recap: PANIC!!!

Let’s recap tonight’s titanic struggle….

FINAL
Cincinnati 2
Arizona 13
WP: Kennedy (1-0)
LP: Wood (1-1)
BOXSCORE

POSITIVES
–Hmm…positives? Well, Paul Janish went 2-4 and scored a run, while displaying spectacular defense. Joey Votto went 2-4 with a homer in the ninth inning that cut Arizona’s lead to 11. That just about covers it.

NEGATIVES
–Everything else. Travis Wood was not good (5 IP, 6 ER, 7 H), and Matt Maloney was worse (1.2 IP, 7 ER, 6 H). No hitter other than Janish and Votto got more than one hit.

It was a bad, bad night.

Famous Titanic Sketch Fetches $16,000

It was one of the most sensual scenes in Titanic -- Leonardo DiCaprio's character Jack sketching a naked portrait of Kate Winslet's Rose in the 1997 blockbuster film.

PHOTOS: Kate Winslet In The April Issue Of Glamour

Now, that drawing has been auctioned off for a reported $16,000.

The famous picture shows Kate's character, Rose, seductively lying on a couch wearing nothing but the iconic blue diamond necklace.

PHOTOS: Stars Dressed In The Best And Worst Fashions

In the film, DiCaprio's character, Jack, was the artist, but in real life, it was actually Oscar winning director James Cameron who sketched the image.

The sketch was sold to the highest bidder at Premiere Props' memorabilia auction over the weekend.

A spokesperson for the firm said: "This is a wonderful piece of memorabilia (from) one the biggest grossing films of all time."

BTW: The Oscar winning Winslet can currently be seen in HBO's epic mini-series Mildred Pierce.

Who Wants to Own the Topless Kate Winslet Sketch From 'Titanic'?

Back when Leonardo DiCaprio was still on the pages of mags like Tiger Beat and Kate Winslet was a little-known British actress, there was a movie that brought both actors together for a life-changing experience, James Cameron's disaster drama, 'Titanic.' The movie went on to become the highest-grossing film of all time, a title only recently taken away by Cameron's 'Avatar.'

This weekend, a famous prop from the blockbuster film -- a nude drawing of Kate Winslet -- was auctioned off. It was expected to rake in close to £10,000 (over $16,000). The drawing is sketched by DiCaprio's character in the movie, but was actually drafted by the director himself (those are even his hands at work).

The drawing was up for grabs from movie memorabilia house, Premiere Props, who sell stuff like Nic Cage's used, sweaty wig from 'Season of the Witch,' but we imagine that far more movie fans are clamoring to get their hands on a naked Kate Winslet.

As if we need to remind you of the plot, in 'Titanic' Winslet plays 17-year-old socialite Rose, who survives the 1912 sinking of the passenger liner that struck an iceberg, killing almost 1,500 people. DiCaprio stars as Jack, a 20-year-old who doesn't have a penny to his name but falls for the young girl who is engaged to a wealthy man almost twice her age.

It's hard to talk about the "drawing scene" in the film -- or the entire movie, really -- without thinking of every pop culture parody that grew out of Jack and Rose's melodramatic relationship, but it's a tender moment that also plays into a big part of the storyline. After the couple make out for a bit, they head back to Rose's suite where she shows him the Heart of the Ocean, a fancy-pants diamond necklace belonging to her fiancee, Cal (Billy Zane). Rose asks Jack to draw her wearing the necklace and nothing else. Eighty-four years later, the drawing helps a treasure hunter find Rose so he can learn her story.

Cue Celine Dion's 'My Heart Will Go On' times infinity.

STEAMPUNK WEEK:The Unsinkable Starship Titanic

TV, Movies, and Music

A few years ago, I inherited some of my dad’s book collection when my mum decided to have a clear out. Included in the books were all five volumes of Douglas Adams’ Hitchhiker’s Guide to The Galaxy “trilogy.” I couldn’t wait to read them.
As a child, I had been brought up watching the 1981 BBC television adaptation and as an adult, I had also seen the 2005 movie which I unfortunately couldn’t bring myself to like – although the yarn sequence brought me close. The books promised far more detail and depth so I read them almost immediately. Throughout experiencing the series in various forms, a few ideas have really leapt out at me and stuck in my head; the concept of Milliways: the Restaurant at The End of the Universe (although I have to admit that I’d rather eat at the Big Bang Burger Bar), the knack of learning to fly – you need to learn “how to throw yourself at the ground and miss” but one concept that really stuck with me was that of Starship Titanic.
The tragedy of the Titanic has fascinated people since the day of the disaster, almost one hundred years ago. Melissa Peltier, the producer of a 1994 documentary about the ship said during an interview,
“It’s almost like a Greek myth that really happened in our lifetime. It’s so unbelievable. It’s so mythic. The little human stories on board. All the morality plays that are happening, just the whole idea of the arrogance and the hubris of speeding through the ice field because (they thought) nothing could go wrong. It’s a huge moral lesson.”

Starship Titanic Novel and Game, Flickr - Jovike
Such an inimitable story would naturally find its way to be woven into science fiction, as with most other great tales, both fictional and real. In the Hitchhiker’s series, Starship Titanic is mentioned only briefly in 1982’s “Life, the Universe and Everything”. We are told of its majesty and beauty, how it was built in the “great ship-building asteroid complexes of Artrifactovol” in the early days of Improbability Physics and how, seconds after its launch, it suffered “a sudden and gratuitous total existence failure.” The ship is not mentioned again within the Hitchhiker’s canon, but instead became the star of its own computer game, devised by Adams sixteen years later in 1998 along with Monty Python’s Terry Jones. In the computer game, the ship undergoes “Spontaneous Total Existence Failure” and crash lands on Earth, more precisely, on top of the player’s house. It then becomes the player’s task to restore the sabotaged computer, Titania and save the ship. The game is notoriously difficult, I myself have only ever managed to wander around aimlessly and feed some chicken to a parrot. Gaming site Destructoid ran a “Games that Time Forgot” article on it which stated:
Additionally, Starship Titanic remains one of the most absurdly difficult adventure games ever made: the puzzles often seem designed to be funny, rather than challenging, and as a result their solutions range anywhere from obscure to downright ridiculous. It literally got so bad that later versions of the game came with a 120 page walkthrough, packaged completely free of charge. If you ever plan on trying Starship Titanic out, then, for the love of God, use a strategy guide. That, or plan on ripping out half your hair because you didn’t know that a robotic parrot enjoys eating brazil nuts instead of walnuts.
A book entitled “Douglas Adams’s Starship Titanic” based on the game was written by Terry Jones who was also responsible for development of the game alongside Adams. Jones’ influence is strongly felt in the absurd and surreal humour found all the way through the game.

Futurama - A Flight to Remember
The year after the publication of the Starship Titanic game, Futurama got in on the act with its season one episode, “A Flight to Remember” in which the crew of Planet Express got to sail aboard the maiden voyage of the new Titanic space cruise ship. The plot of the Futurama episode was based almost completely on James Cameron’s Titanic, rather than the concept developed by Douglas Adams, and parodied it in several scenes including the famous dancing scene on the lower deck. As this was a short cartoon and the plot focused mainly on the characters, the ship was more of a convenient backdrop to the story than an integral part of the plot as it is in the material penned by Douglas Adams. However the ship has been re-designed to fit into the visual style of the Futurama universe perfectly, even using the famous Tube Transportation System for the passengers to embark upon the ship. The episode ended with the ship being pulled into a black hole rather than sunk by an iceberg after the ship’s captain, Zapp Brannigan, pilots her into a swarm of comets, referred to in the show as “the icebergs of the sky”. In an interesting change to the original story, the Futurama Titanic appears to have had enough lifeboats to evacuate everyone on board.

Dr Who - Voyage of The Damned
The concept of Starship Titanic faded into obscurity for almost a decade until the BBC’s re-vitalised Dr Who franchise used it for the 2007 Christmas Special “Voyage of The Damned”. In this special the Titanic, an interstellar cruiser from the planet Sto, crashes not into a house but into the TARDIS which is in orbit over Earth whilst on a sightseeing tour to observe the traditions of primitive cultures – specifically Earth at Christmas. Naturally a catastrophe is imminent with the sabotaged ship due to hit London causing the Doctor to spend most of the episode saving the ship and its occupants (and falling for yet another attractive – and doomed – young lady.) The special received the highest viewing figures for a Dr Who episode since 1979’s City of Death when it aired on Christmas Day.
For now, Starship Titanic is again at peace but for how long? For almost three decades the concept of Starship Titanic has been revisited and re-written in a multitude of formats. Is it so unthinkable that the future may bring more games, books, perhaps even a movie? The story of the Titanic has always had the potential for almost infinite re-writes and by moving the bones of the story out of our past and into our future, the possibilities become even broader.
For now, the Starship Titanic game is still available for purchase second hand if you feel like taking a tour of the ship and becoming incredibly frustrated, The Dr Who Christmas special is available as part of the Season Four box set and the Futurama episode is available on the Volume Two box set.

Downton Abbey' Creator to Write 'Titanic' TV Mini-Series

It's been announced that Julian Fellowes, the Oscar-winning writer behind PBS hit 'Downton Abbey' and 'Gosford Park' is to put his spin on the 'Titanic' story.

Filming on the international co-production starts in Hungary this spring, and its broadcast will be timed to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the sinking of 'The Titanic' in April 1912.

In a statement, Maria Kyriacou, Managing Director at ITV Studios Global Entertainment, said the four-part mini-series will provide "a vividly different experience of the ship's last hours alongside a definitive snapshot of what was a unique and uncertain moment in history."

And it seems likely that 'Titanic' will have Fellowes's signature interplay of different social classes and the complex social mores that dominated the era.

ITV Studios says the mini-series will interweave multi-arc action, mystery and romantic plot lines, and that it will feature a blend of real and fictional characters from the lowest of the low in steerage class, all the way up to the aristocracy in first class.

"Each point of view will culminate in a cliffhanger as the ship begins to founder, building to an explosive conclusion which draws together each of the stories. Viewers will be taken on a heart-wrenching journey ... as the drama reveals which of the characters they have come to know so well will survive ... and who does not."

Although no casting has been announced, Helen Mirren (a Fellowes favorite) and Romola Garai ('Emma') have both recently been linked to the project.


Downton Abbey "Titanik TV Mini-Series 'Creator yazmaq üçün"

Bu elan edilib ki Julian Fellowes, 'Gosford Park "The" Titanik "hekayə öz falso etmək PBS hit' Downton Abbey" və arxasında Oskar qazanmış yazıçı.

, bu yaz Macarıstan beynəlxalq əməkdaşlıq istehsal başlayır haqqında film öz yayım və batma 100 illik yubileyi ilə üst-üstə ilə başa çatmışdır olacaq aprel 1912-ci ildə "The Titanik".

bir bəyanatda, Maria Kyriacou, ITV Studios Global Entertainment at İcraçı Direktoru, dörd hissəsi mini-sıra tarixi nadir və qeyri-müəyyən an nə bir kesin snapshot yanaşı "gəmisinin son saat qabarıq müxtəlif təcrübə təmin edəcək. "

Və "Titanik", müxtəlif sosial sinifləri və dövrünün hakim kompleks sosial töreler və Fellowes imzası interplay var güman görünür.

İTV Studios mini-seriyası, çox arc fəaliyyət, Nuh və romantik süjet xətləri interweave və bir də aristokratiya, bütün yolu qədər The dümen sinif aşağı və ən aşağı olan real və bədii simvol qarışığı edəcək deyir ki birinci sinif.

gəmini hansı birlikdə hekayələr hər cəlb bir partlayıcı nəticəyə bina, təsisçisi başlayır kimi keçirmək hər bir cliffhanger point in yüksək nöqtəyə çatmaq edəcək. Görüntüleyenler bir ürək-wrenching səfərdə veriləcəkdir ... Dram aşkar kimi olan və Onlar yaxşı bilirlər gəlmişəm simvol yaşamaq olacaq ... ve kim yoxdur. "

heç bir tökmə elan edilmişdir baxmayaraq, Helen Mirren (a Fellowes favorite) və Romola Garai ('Emma') də bu yaxınlarda layihə bağlı olmuşdur.


Downton abbey «Արարիչ գրել« տիտանական »հեռուստաընկերություն Mini-Series

Դա արդեն հայտարարել են, որ Ջուլիան Fellowes, որ Օսկար նվաճել գրող ետեւում PBS հարվածել 'Downton abbey' եւ 'Gosford այգում »է դնելու իր առանձնացման մասին« տիտանական »պատմությունը.

Նկարելուց միջազգային համատեղ արտադրության սկսվում է Հունգարիայում այս տարվա գարնանը, եւ դրա հեռարձակումը կլինի լրացել է համընկնում 100 ամյակին հեղեղում է «ՀՀ տիտանական» ապրիլի 1912 թ.

Մի հայտարարություն, Մարիա Kyriacou, գործադիր տնօրեն ITV ստուդիաների Global ՈՒրախություն, ասել է չորս մասի մինի շարքից կապահովի «ա արտահայտված տարբեր փորձը նավի վերջին ժամերը նավակողի մոտ վերջնական վայրկյանական լուսանկար, թե ինչ էր մի եզակի ու անորոշ պահին պատմության մեջ. »

Եվ կարծես թե հավանական է, որ «տիտանական» կունենա Fellowes ստորագրությունը փոխազդեցություն սոցիալական տարբեր դասերի եւ բարդ սոցիալական mores, որ գերիշխում է դարաշրջանում.

ITV ստուդիաների ասում է, որ մինի շարքի կլինի միահյուսել բազմազգ աղեղ ակցիան, խորհրդավորություն եւ ռոմանտիկա դավադրության գծերի, եւ որ այն կներկայացնի մի խառնուրդ անշարժ գույքի եւ գեղարվեստական ​​կերպարների ամենացածր է ցածր ղեկասարք դասարանում, ամբողջ ճանապարհը, մինչեւ արիստոկրատիայի մեջ առաջին կարգի.

«Ամեն տեսակետ չի միջօրեականով անցնել մի cliffhanger որպես նավը սկսում է հիմնադիրը, շենքի պայթյունավտանգ եզրակացություն, որը արժանանում է միասին յուրաքանչյուր պատմությունները. Հեռուստադիտողների կառնվեն մի սիրտ wrenching ճանապարհորդության ... որպես դրամայի բացահայտում է, որը է կերպարներ են իմանալ, այնքան լավ կլինի գոյատեւել ... եւ ով չի ».

Թեեւ ոչ ձուլում արդեն հայտարարել է, Հելեն Mirren (a Fellowes սիրած) եւ Romola Garai ('Emma') ունեն վերջերս կապված նախագծին.

Helen Mirren Up For “Titanic” Mini-Series

Dame Helen Mirren — who will host Saturday Night Live for the first time in just a few weeks — is reportedly set to star in a mulitmillion-dollar British TV drama about the demise of the Titanic.


The four-part ITV1 mini-series will take fans on a “heartwrenching journey” to the 100th anniversary of the sinking of the famous luxury liner, The Mirror said Tuesday. Mirren, 65, who also appeared in a 1979 TV drama about the ship called SOS Titanic.

Filming will begin in Hungary this spring. The Titanic mini-series is expected to debut across the pond in April 2012.

New dinosaur species is titanic

Titanoceratops may be oldest known member of triceratops group


ENLARGE
MUSEUM PIECEA reconstruction of an early giant among horned dinosaurs still carries the label Pentaceratops among the fossils in the Sam Noble Museum of Natural History in Norman, Okla., but may deserve to be considered a new species, Titanoceratops. Sanford Mauldin/Copyright Sam Noble Museum, Univ. of Oklahoma
An oddball fossil skull in an Oklahoma museum may represent a new kind of dinosaur, the earliest giant horned species yet found.

The 1.2-meter-long partial skull, found along with some bones, deserves to be recognized as a species in its own right, says Nick Longrich of Yale University. The specimen was originally found in 1941 in 74-million-year-old rock in northwestern New Mexico. A reconstruction currently glares down at visitors in the Sam Noble Museum of Natural History in Norman, Okla. Until now, paleontologists treated the find as a weirdly huge specimen of the Pentaceratops dinosaurs known from the Southwest region.

This beast probably weighed 6,550 kilograms, rivaling Triceratops and modern-day elephants. The head, one of the biggest of any known land animal, was an estimated 2.6 meters long. In the June Cretaceous Research, Longrich christens it Titanoceratops ouranos. The new species would add another branch of giants to the Triceratops family tree and would mean that giant size evolved some 5 million years earlier than previously thought, he says.


ENLARGE
BIG HEADThe white area in the skull diagram of the proposed Titanoceratops indicates how much of the displayed reconstruction comes from actual fossil material.Courtesy of Nick Longrich
If Longrich is right that the giants began to diversify earlier, “It would suggest there are a lot of undiscovered horned dinosaurs sitting around out there,” says Andrew Farke of the Raymond M. Alf Museum of Paleontology in Claremont, Calif.

The skull discovered in 1941 spent 54 years in museum storage before researchers cleaned and prepared it for display by filling in missing parts, assuming it was a species of Pentaceratops.

Now, Longrich says he has looked at the fossil in a new light. Comparing traits across horned dinosaurs, he found that the skulls’ outsized nostrils, the position of its nose, some of the cavities inside its skull and many more features resemble not Pentaceratops but those of the Triceratops and Torosaurus giants. In scoring dozens of traits, overall the fossil looked like an early relative of those giants, he concludes.

The specimen has been “problematic,” Farke acknowledges. “Right now, I’m skeptical but convincible on the validity of Titanocerotops,” he says. For the moment, he is inclined toward the alternative view that the fossil is what it was originally thought to be: an outsized individual of the not-particularly-titanic Pentaceratops. Differences between the specimen’s bones and those of the smaller Pentaceratops could have developed while growing to such a huge size, Farke says.

John Scannella and Denver Fowler at the Museum of the Rockies at Montana State University in Bozeman also consider the specimen a big adult Pentaceratops. “If you do find a mature form it will likely look different from preceding growth stages — we see this in every growth series that has been described for a dinosaur,” Scannella says.

Mistaking dinosaurs at different stages of growth for different species may be a widespread problem, says Jack Horner, also at the Museum of the Rockies. “I think most of the dinosaur specimens we find represent subadult sizes,” he says. He and Scannella last year argued that what’s now considered the species Triceratops is just a younger growth stage of a different horned dinosaur, Torosaurus.

Neue Dinosaurier-Spezies ist titanic

Titanoceratops kann älteste bekannte Mitglied der Gruppe sein Triceratops Von Susan Milius

MUSEUM PIECEA Rekonstruktion eines frühen Riese unter den gehörnten Dinosaurier noch trägt das Etikett Pentaceratops unter den Fossilien in der Sam Noble Museum of Natural History in Norman, Oklahoma, kann aber verdient, als eine neue Art sein, Titanoceratops. Sanford Mauldin / Copyright Sam Noble Museum, Univ. von Oklahoma
Ein Sonderling fossilen Schädel in einem Oklahoma Museum darstellen kann eine neue Art von Dinosauriern, die frühesten riesigen Hörnern Spezies noch nicht gefunden.

Der 1,2 Meter lange Teil-Schädel, zusammen mit einigen Knochen gefunden, verdient es, als Spezies in seinem eigenen Recht anerkannt zu werden, sagt Nick Longrich der Yale University. Die Probe wurde ursprünglich im Jahre 1941 in 74-Millionen-jährige Rock gefunden im Nordwesten von New Mexico. Eine Rekonstruktion derzeit starrt sich an Besucher im Sam Noble Museum of Natural History in Norman, Oklahoma Bisher behandelte die Paläontologen als unheimlich große Probe des Pentaceratops Dinosaurier aus dem Südwesten bekannt zu finden.

Dieses Tier wog vermutlich 6.550 Kilogramm rivalisierenden Triceratops und heutigen Elefanten. Der Kopf, eine der größten aller bekannten Landtier, war schätzungsweise 2,6 Meter lang. In der Juni-Kreidezeit Forschung, tauft sie Longrich Titanoceratops ouranos. Die neue Art wäre ein weiterer Zweig der Giganten der Triceratops Stammbaum hinzufügen und würde bedeuten, dass riesige Größe einige 5.000.000 Jahre früher als bisher angenommen entwickelt, sagt er.


ENLARGE
BIG HEADThe weißen Bereich im Schädel Diagramm der vorgeschlagenen Titanoceratops gibt an, wieviel der angezeigten Wiederaufbau kommt von den tatsächlichen fossilen material.Courtesy von Nick Longrich
Wenn Longrich ist richtig, dass die Riesen auf frühere diversifizieren begann: "Es würde vorschlagen, es gibt eine Menge unentdeckter gehörnten Dinosaurier sitzen draußen", sagt Andrew Farke vom Raymond M. Alf das Museum für Paläontologie in Claremont, Kalifornien

Der Schädel im Jahr 1941 entdeckt verbrachte 54 Jahre im Museum Lagerung vor Forscher gereinigt und vorbereitet sie für die Anzeige durch Ausfüllen Fehlstellen, vorausgesetzt, es war eine Art von Pentaceratops.

Jetzt, sagt er Longrich am fossilen in einem neuen Licht betrachtet. Vergleicht man Züge quer gehörnten Dinosaurier, fand er, dass die Schädel "übergroße Nase, die Position seiner Nase, einige der Hohlräume im Inneren seines Schädels und viele weitere Features nicht ähneln Pentaceratops sondern die der Triceratops und Torosaurus Riesen. In Dutzenden von Scoring-Züge, insgesamt die fossilen wie eine frühe relative dieser Riesen sah, folgert er.

Die Probe wurde "problematisch", räumt Farke. "Gerade jetzt, ich skeptisch, aber convincible über die Gültigkeit der Titanocerotops bin", sagt er. Für den Moment ist er auf die alternative Ansicht, dass die fossilen ist, was es ursprünglich war gedacht zu sein geneigt: ein überdimensionaler einzelnen der nicht-besonders-Titanic Pentaceratops. Unterschiede zwischen der Probe die Knochen und die der kleineren Pentaceratops könnte entwickelte während des Wachstums auf eine so große Größe haben, sagt Farke.

John Denver und Scannella Fowler im Museum of the Rockies in Montana State University in Bozeman auch an die Probe eine große Erwachsene Pentaceratops."Wenn Sie eine reife Form es wahrscheinlich aussehen wird aus vorhergehenden Entwicklungsstadien anderes machen - wir sehen das in jeder Reihe, die für das Wachstum eines Dinosauriers beschrieben worden ist", sagt Scannella.

Verwechslung Dinosaurier in verschiedenen Stadien des Wachstums für verschiedene Arten kann ein weit verbreitetes Problem, sagt Jack Horner, auch im Museum of the Rockies. "Ich denke, die meisten der Dinosaurier Proben finden wir repräsentieren subadulten Größen", sagt er. Er und Scannella letzten Jahr argumentiert, dass, was jetzt die Arten, die nur ein Triceratops jüngeren Entwicklungsstadium eines anderen gehörnten Dinosaurier, Torosaurus ist
新的恐龍物種是泰坦尼克號

Titanoceratops可能是已知最古老的三角龍小組成員蘇珊米利厄斯

博物館 PIECEA早日重建巨角恐龍之間仍然帶有標籤 Pentaceratops之間的化石在SAM貴族自然歷史博物館在諾曼，俄克拉荷馬州，但可能值得考慮的一個新種，Titanoceratops。桑福德莫爾丁 /版權山姆諾布爾博物館，大學。俄克拉荷馬
一個古怪的頭骨化石在俄克拉荷馬州博物館可能是一種新種恐龍，最早的物種尚未發現巨角。

1.2米長的部分頭骨，發現隨著一些骨頭，值得被承認為一個物種在其自己的權利，說尼克Longrich耶魯大學。最初發現的標本是在1941年的74億歲的岩西北部的墨西哥。阿重建瞪下來，目前旅客在薩姆諾貝爾自然歷史博物館的諾曼，俄克拉荷馬州到現在為止，古生物學家找到像對待一個古怪的巨大恐龍標本已知的Pentaceratops從西南地區。

這可能重達六五五○公斤獸，媲美三角龍和現代的大象。頭，其中一個最大的陸地動物的任何已知的，估計是2.6米長。在六月白堊紀研究，Longrich christens它Titanoceratops烏拉諾斯。新的物種，加上另一支巨人的三角龍家譜將意味著巨大的規模約 500萬進化年前比以前認為，他說。


放大
大HEADThe白色區域圖，在顱骨建議 Titanoceratops表示顯示多少實際重建來自化石material.Courtesy尼克Longrich
如果Longrich是正確的巨頭就開始多樣化所說，“這表明有許多未被發現的有角恐龍圍坐在那裡，”安德魯說 Farke米的雷蒙德阿爾夫博物館古生物克萊蒙特，加利福尼亞州

在1941年發現的頭骨度過 54歲之前存儲在博物館的研究人員清理和準備用於顯示它通過填補缺少的部分，假設它是一個物種的Pentaceratops。

現在，Longrich說，他看了看化石在一個新的光。在比較長角恐龍的特徵，他發現的頭骨'超大鼻孔，鼻子的位置，一些空洞的頭骨內還有更多的功能相似，但這些並不 Pentaceratops的三角龍和Torosaurus巨頭。在得分幾十個特徵，整體的化石，看起來就像一個相對早期的龐然大物，他總結道。

這個標本是“有問題”，Farke承認。 “現在，我是持懷疑態度，但令人信服的有效性Titanocerotops，”他說。目前，他是傾向於另一種觀點認為是它的化石最初被認為是：一個超大個體的未特別鈦 Pentaceratops。樣品之間的差異的骨骼和那些小Pentaceratops可以發達，成長為如此龐大的規模，Farke說。

約翰丹佛Scannella和福勒在落基山脈博物館在蒙大拿州立大學博茲曼還要考慮標本一大成人Pentaceratops。 “如果你找到一個成熟的形式它可能會從前面看起來不同生長階段 - 我們看到這個在每一個成長系列已被描述的恐龍，”Scannella說。

誤區恐龍在不同生長階段的不同物種可能是一個普遍的問題，傑克說霍納，也是在洛磯山博物館。 “我想大多數的恐龍標本，我們發現代表subadult大小，”他說。去年他和Scannella認為那有什麼關係現在考慮的只是一個物種三角龍是一個年輕的成長階段不同有角恐龍，Torosaurus
새로운 공룡의 수종은 타이타닉입니다

Titanoceratops 수잔 Milius하여 트리 케라톱스 그룹의 가장 오래된 알려진 회원 수 있습니다

발정 공룡 중에서 초기 거대한 박물관 PIECEA 재구성은 여전히 있지만, 노먼, Okla.에서 자연사의 샘 귀족 박물관에있는 화석 중에서 가장 레이블 Pentaceratops 운반 Titanoceratops, 새로운 종족으로 간주 될 자격이 있습니다. 샌포드의 Mauldin / 저작권 샘 노블 박물관, 대학교. 오클라호마
오클라호마 박물관에 괴짜의 화석의 두개골은 공룡의 새로운 종류, 발정 종은 아직 발견 초기 거대한 대표 있습니다.

뼈다귀와 함께 발견된 1.2 미터 길이의 부분 두개골은, 자신의 오른쪽에있는 수종의 반열에 오를 자격이, 예일 대학의 닉 Longrich는 말합니다. 표본은 원래 북서부 뉴 멕시코에있는 74 백만 년 된 바위에서 1941 년 발견되었다. 재건은 현재 지금까지 노먼, Okla.에서 자연사의 샘 귀족 박물관에 방문자에 쓰러져 glares, 고생물학자들은이 남서부 지역에서 알려진 Pentaceratops 공룡의 weirdly 거대한 표본으로 찾아 취급.

이 짐승은 아마 트리 케라톱스와 현대 코끼리 수완이 좋아서, 6,550kg 무게. 머리가 알려진 육지 동물 중 가장 큰 하나, 예상 2.6 m 오래되었다. 6 월 백악기 연구, Longrich는 ouranos을 Titanoceratops christens. 새로운 수종은 트리 케라톱스 패밀리 트리 거인의 다른 지점을 추가 거대한 크기는 몇 5백만년 이전 이전에 생각보다 진화된 것을 의미 것이라고 말합니다.


확대
제안된 Titanoceratops의 두개골 다이어그램에 커다란 HEADThe 흰색 영역은 닉 Longrich의 실제 화석 material.Courtesy의 유래는 어떻게 표시 재건의 양을 나타냅니다
Longrich는 거인 일찍 다각 시작되는이 옳다면, "그것은 거기 앉아 발정 공룡 알려지지 않은 많은가 있습니다 제안"클레어몬트 캘리포니아 고생물학의 레이몬드 엠 Alf 박물관의 앤드류 Farke는 말합니다

연구자들은 청소하기 전에 누락된 부분에 작성하여 디스플레이를 위해 그것을 준비, 그것은 Pentaceratops의 일종이라고 가정할 때 1941 년에 발견된 두개골은 박물관 스토리지 54 년을 보냈어.

자, Longrich 그가 새로운 시각으로 바라 보았다 화석했다고 밝혔다. 발정 공룡에 걸쳐 특징을 비교하면, 그는 두개골 'outsized 콧구멍은 자사 코의 위치, 두개골과 더 많은 기능이 내부에 충치의 일부 Pentaceratops 그러나 트리 케라톱스와 Torosaurus 거대 행성의 사람 안 닮은 것으로 나타났습니다. 형질 수십 채점 있음, 전체 화석 그 거인의 초기 친척처럼 생겼고, 그는 마칩니다.

표본이되었습니다 "문제"Farke 인정. "지금, 난 회의 적이 있지만 Titanocerotops의 타당성에 convincible 해요"라고 말합니다. 그 때부터, 그는 화석은 원래 것으로 생각했다, 그게 대체보기 향해 경사입니다 : 아니, 특히 - 타이타닉 Pentaceratops의 outsized 개인. 이러한 거대한 크기로 성장하는 동안 표본의 뼈와 작은 Pentaceratops 분들 간의 차이점 개발한 수도 Farke는 말합니다.

Bozeman에 몬태나 주립 대학에서 록키 산맥의 박물관에서 존 Scannella는 덴버 파울러 또한 시편에게 큰 성인 Pentaceratops을 고려하십시오. "당신은 가능성이 성장 단계를 이전부터 다르게 나타납니다 성숙한 양식을 찾아낸다면 - 우리는 공룡에 대한 설명되어 모든 성장 시리즈에서 이것을보고,"Scannella는 말합니다.

다른 종족에 대한 성장의 다른 단계에 오해 공룡은 광범위한 문제가있을 수 있습니다, 록키 산맥의 박물관도에서 잭 호너는 말합니다. "나는 우리가 subadult 크기를 나타내는 발견 공룡 표본의 대부분을 생각한다"라고 말합니다. 아빠와 Scannella 작년 이제 종족으로 간주 어떤 트리 케라톱스는 다른 발정 공룡, Torosaurus 단지 젊은 성장 단계임을 주장
Nowy gatunek dinozaura jest tytaniczna

Titanoceratops może być najstarszym znanym członkiem grupy triceratopsa Susan Milius

MUZEUM PIECEA rekonstrukcji wczesnych dinozaurów rogatych gigant wśród nadal prowadzi Pentaceratops etykiety wśród skamieniałości Sam Noble Muzeum Historii Naturalnej w Norman w Oklahomie, ale może wymagać należy uznać za nowy gatunek, Titanoceratops. Mauldin Sanford / Sam Copyright Noble Museum, Univ.Oklahoma
Czaszka kopalnych dziwak w muzeum Oklahoma mogą stanowić nowy rodzaj dinozaura, najwcześniej gigant rogaty gatunków jeszcze znaleźć.

1,2-metrowy częściowe czaszki, u boku jakieś kości, zasługuje na uznane jako gatunek sam w sobie, mówi Nick Longrich z Uniwersytetu Yale. Okaz został pierwotnie znaleźć w 1941 roku w skale 74-mln-latek w północno-zachodniej Nowego Meksyku. Rekonstrukcja obecnie patrzy w dół na zwiedzających w Sam Noble Muzeum Historii Naturalnej w Norman w Oklahomie Dotychczas paleontolodzy traktowane jako dziwnie znaleźć ogromne wzór dinozaurów Pentaceratops znany z regionu południowo-zachodniej.

To prawdopodobnie zwierzę waży 6550 kilogramów, rywalizując Triceratops i współczesnych słoni. Szef jednego z największych wszelkich znanych zwierząt lądowych, oceniono na 2,6 m długości. W czerwcu Research kredy, Longrich chrzci to Titanoceratops Uranosa. Nowych gatunków byłoby dodać kolejną gałąź olbrzymów do drzewa Triceratops rodziny i oznaczałoby, że olbrzymi rozmiar ewoluowały około 5 milionów lat wcześniej niż dotąd sądzono, mówi.


POWIĘKSZENIE
BIG HEADThe biały obszar na rysunku czaszki proponowanych Titanoceratops wskazuje, ile z wyświetlonych rekonstrukcja pochodzi z rzeczywistego kopalnych material.Courtesy Nick Longrich
Jeśli Longrich ma rację, że giganci zaczęli dywersyfikacji wcześniej, "To sugeruje istnieje wiele nieodkrytych dinozaurów rogatych siedzą tam", mówi Andrew Farke z Raymond M. Alf Muzeum Paleontologii w Claremont w Kalifornii

Czaszka odkryta w 1941 roku spędził 54 lat w magazynach muzeum przed badaczami oczyszczone i przygotowane do wyświetlania to wypełniając brakujące części, przy założeniu, że to gatunki Pentaceratops.

Teraz Longrich mówi, że spojrzał na kopalnych w nowym świetle. Porównanie cech różnych dinozaurów rogatych, odkrył, że bardzo dużo czaszek "nozdrza, położenie jego nosa, niektóre z wewnątrz jamy czaszki i wiele więcej funkcji, ale nie przypominają tych z Pentaceratops Triceratops i gigantów Torosaurus. W punktacji dziesiątki cech, ogólnie kopalnych wyglądało na początku stosunku z tych gigantów, podsumowuje.

Wzór jest "problematyczne" Farke przyznaje. "Teraz, jestem sceptyczny, ale przekonujący o ważności Titanocerotops," mówi. Na razie on skłania się ku alternatywnym że kopalnych, co to było pierwotnie uważano za: bardzo dużo indywidualnych z Pentaceratops nie-szczególnie-tytanowego. Różnice między próbki kości i tych mniejszych Pentaceratops mogłaby rozwinąć się w okresie wzrostu do takich ogromnych rozmiarów, Farke mówi.

John Denver i Scannella Fowler w Muzeum Gór Skalistych w Montana State University w Bozeman również rozważyć wzorem dużych Pentaceratops dorosłych."Jeśli znajdziesz dojrzałej formie prawdopodobnie będzie on się różnić od poprzednich etapach wzrostu - widzimy to w każdej serii wzrostu, który został opisany dla dinozaurów" Scannella mówi.

Myląc dinozaury w różnych stadiach rozwoju dla różnych gatunków może być ogromnym problemem ", mówi Jack Horner, również w Muzeum Gór Skalistych."Myślę, że większość okazów dinozaurów znaleźć stanowią rozmiary subadult," mówi.On i Scannella w zeszłym roku twierdził, że to, co obecnie uważane za gatunek Triceratops jest tylko młodszy stadium wzrostu różnych dinozaurów rogatych, Torosaurus

ניו דיינאַסאָר זגאַל איז טיטאַניק

טיטאַנאָסעראַטאָפּס זאל זייַן אָולדאַסט באַוווסט מיטגליד פון טרייסעראַטאָפּס גרופּע דורך סוזאַן מיליוס

מוזיי פּיעסעאַ ריקאַנסטראַקשאַן פון אַ פרי ריז צווישן כאָרנד דינאָסאַורס נאָך קאַריז די פירמע פּענטאַסעראַטאָפּס צווישן די פאַסאַלז אין די סאַם נאָבלע מוזיי פון נאַטוראַל געשיכטע אין נאָרמאַן, אָקלאַ., אָבער קען פאַרדינען צו זייַן געהאלטן אַ נייַ מינים, טיטאַנאָסעראַטאָפּס. סאַנפאָרד מאַולדין / קאַפּירייט סאַם נאָבלע מוזיי, וניוו. פון אָקלאַהאָמאַ
אַ אַדבאָל פאַסאַל שאַרבן אין אַן אָקלאַהאָמאַ מוזיי זאל פאָרשטעלן אַ נייַ סאָרט פון דיינאַסאָר, די ערליאַסט ריז כאָרנד מינים נאָך געפונען.

דער 1.2-מעטער-לאַנג פּאַרטיייש שאַרבן, געפונען צוזאמען מיט עטלעכע ביינער, דיזערווז צו ווערן אנערקענט ווי אַ זגאַל אין זייַן אייגן רעכט, זאגט ניק לאָנגריטש פון יאַלע אוניווערסיטעט. די ספּעסאַמאַן איז ערידזשאַנאַלי געפונען אין 1941 אין 74-מיליאָן-יאָר-אַלט שטיין אין צאָפנ - מייַרעוודיק ניו מעקסיקא.א ריקאַנסטראַקשאַן דערווייַל גלערז אַראָפּ בייַ וויזאַטערז אין די סאַם נאָבלע מוזיי פון נאַטוראַל געשיכטע אין נאָרמאַן, אָקלאַ. ביז איצט, פּייליאַנטאַלאַדזשיסץ באהאנדלט די געפֿינען ווי אַ ווירדלי ריזיק ספּעסאַמאַן פון די פּענטאַסעראַטאָפּס דינאָסאַורס באַוווסט פון די סאַוטוועסט געגנט.

דאס חיה מסתּמא ווייד 6,550 קילאָגראַמס, רייוולינג טריסעראַטאָפּס און מאָדערן-טאָג עלאַפאַנץ. די קאָפּ, איינער פון די ביגאַסט פון קיין באַוווסט ערד כייַע, איז געווען אַן עסטימאַטעד 2.6 מעטער לאַנג. אין די יוני קרעטאַסעאָוס פֿאָרש, לאָנגריטש טשריסטענס עס טיטאַנאָסעראַטאָפּס אָוראַנאָס. די ניו מינים וואָלט שטעלן אן אנדער צווייַג פון דזשייאַנץ צו די טריסעראַטאָפּס משפּחה בוים און וואָלט מיינען אַז ריז גרייס יוואַלווד עטלעכע 5,000,000 יאר פריער ווי פריער געמיינט, ער זאגט.


פאַרגרעסערן
גרויס העאַדטהע ווייַס געגנט אין דער שאַרבן דיאַגראַמע פון די פארגעלייגט טיטאַנאָסעראַטאָפּס ינדיקייץ ווי פיל פון די געוויזן ריקאַנסטראַקשאַן קומט פון פאַקטיש פאַסאַל מאַטעריאַל.קאָורטעסי פון ניק לאָנגריטש
אויב לאָנגריטש איז רעכט אַז די דזשייאַנץ אנגעהויבן צו דיווערסאַפיי פריער, "עס וואָלט פֿאָרשלאָגן דאָרט זענען אַ פּלאַץ פון אַנדיסקאַווערד כאָרנד דינאָסאַורס געזעסן אַרום אויס דאָרט," זאגט אנדריי פאַרקע פון די רייַמאָנד עם אַלף מוזיי פון פּאַלעאָנטאָלאָגי אין קלערמאַנט, קאַליפאָרניאַ

דער שאַרבן דיסקאַווערד אין 1941 איבערגעלעבט 54 יאר אין מוזיי סטאָרידזש פֿאַר ריסערטשערז קלינד און צוגעגרייט עס פֿאַר ווייַז דורך פילונג אין פעלנדיק טיילן, אַסומינג עס איז געווען אַ זגאַל פון פּענטאַסעראַטאָפּס.

איצט, לאָנגריטש זאגט ער האט געקוקט אויף די פאַסאַל אין אַ נייַ ליכט. קאָמפּאַרינג טרייץ אַריבער כאָרנד דינאָסאַורס, ער געפונען אַז די סקאַלז 'אַוצייזד נאַסטראַלז, די שטעלע פון זייַן נאָז, עטלעכע פון די קאַוויטיז ין זייַן שאַרבן און פילע מער פֿעיִקייטן ריזעמבאַל ניט פּענטאַסעראַטאָפּס אָבער יענע פון די טריסעראַטאָפּס און טאָראָסאַורוס דזשייאַנץ. אין סקאָרינג דאַזאַנז פון טרייץ, קוילעלדיק די פאַסאַל געקוקט ווי אַ פרי קאָרעוו פון יענע דזשייאַנץ, ער אויס.

די ספּעסאַמאַן איז געווארן "פּראָבלעמאַטיק," פאַרקע יקנאַלידזשיז. "רעכט איצט, איך ב סקעפּטיקאַל אָבער קאָנווינסיבלע אויף די גילטיקייַט פון טיטאַנאָסעראָטאָפּס," ער זאגט. ווארים דער מאָמענט, ער איז גענייגט צו דער אָלטערנאַטיוו מיינונג אַז די פאַסאַל איז וואָס עס איז געווען ערידזשאַנאַלי געדאַנק צו זייַן: אַ אַוצייזד פּערזענלעכקייַט פון דעם ניט, דער הויפּט-טיטאַניק פּענטאַסעראַטאָפּס. דיפפערענסעס צווישן די ספּעסאַמאַן ס ביינער און יענע פון די סמאָלער פּענטאַסעראַטאָפּס קען האָבן דעוועלאָפּעד בשעת גראָוינג צו אַזאַ אַ ריזיק גרייס, פאַרקע זאגט.

יוחנן סקאַננעללאַ און דענווער פאַולער בייַ דעם מוזיי פון דער ראָקקיעס אין מאָנטאַנאַ סטעיט אוניווערסיטעט אין באָוזמאַן אויך באַטראַכטן די ספּעסאַמאַן אַ גרויס דערוואַקסן פּענטאַסעראַטאָפּס."אויב איר טאָן געפֿינען אַ דערוואַקסן פאָרעם עס וועט לייקלי קוקן אַנדערש פון פּריסידינג וווּקס סטאַגעס - מיר זען דעם אין יעדער וווּקס סעריע וואָס איז געווארן דיסקרייבד פֿאַר אַ דיינאַסאָר," סקאַננעללאַ זאגט.

מיסטאַקינג דינאָסאַורס בייַ פאַרשידענע סטאַגעס פון וווּקס פֿאַר פאַרשידענע מינים זאל זייַן אַ וויידספּרעד פּראָבלעם, זאגט דזשאַק האָרנער, אויך אין דעם מוזיי פון דער ראָקקיעס. "איך טראַכטן רובֿ פון די דיינאַסאָר ספּעסאַמאַנז מיר געפֿינען פאָרשטעלן סובאַדולט סיזעס," ער זאגט. ער און סקאַננעללאַ לעצטע יאָר אַרגיוד אַז וואָס ס איצט געהאלטן די מינים טריסעראַטאָפּס איז נאָר אַ יינגער וווּקס בינע פון אַ אַנדערש כאָרנד דיינאַסאָר, טאָראָסאַורוס

Nova espècie de dinosaure és titànica

Titanoceratops pot ser el més antic conegut membre del grup de triceratops Per Susan Milius

MUSEU PIECEA la reconstrucció d'un gegant entre els primers dinosaures amb banyes encara porta l'etiqueta Pentaceratops entre els fòssils al Museu Sam Noble d'Història Natural a Norman, Oklahoma, però pot merèixer ser considerada com una nova espècie, Titanoceratops. Mauldin Sanford / Copyright Museu Sam Noble, Univd'Oklahoma
Un crani fòssil rar en un museu d'Oklahoma pot representar un nou tipus de dinosaure, el primer gegant de les espècies de banyes trobat encara.

El crani parcial de 1,2 metres de llarg, que es troba al costat d'alguns ossos, mereix ser reconeguda com a espècie en si mateixa, diu Nick Longrich de la Universitat de Yale. L'espècimen va ser trobat originalment el 1941 a la roca de 74 milions d'anys, al nord-oest de Nou Mèxic. Una reconstrucció en l'actualitat mira cap avall als visitants al Museu Sam Noble d'Història Natural a Norman, Oklahoma Fins ara, els paleontòlegs tractat la troballa com una mostra estranyament grans dels dinosaures Pentaceratops coneguts de la regió sud-oest.

Aquesta bèstia probablement pesava 6.550 quilos, rivalitzant amb Triceratops i els elefants moderns. El director, un dels més grans de qualsevol animal de la terra coneguda, era un estimat de 2.6 metres de llarg. A la Recerca de juny del Cretaci, que bateja Longrich Titanoceratops Urà. La nova espècie podria afegir una altra branca de les gegants en l'arbre de la família Triceratops i significaria que la mida gegant evolucionat uns 5 milions d'anys abans del que es pensava, diu.


AMPLIAR
BIG àrea HEADThe blanc en el diagrama de crani del Titanoceratops proposta indica quina part de la mostra prové de la reconstrucció material.Courtesy reals fòssils de Nick Longrich
Si Longrich és just que els gegants van començar a diversificar anterior, "Seria suggereixen que hi ha molt per descobrir dels dinosaures amb banyes assegut per aquí", diu Andrew Farka del Raymond M. Alf Museu de Paleontologia a Claremont, Califòrnia

El crani, descobert el 1941 va passar 54 anys en emmagatzematge museu abans de netejar els investigadors i la va preparar per a l'exhibició, omplint les parts que falten, suposant que era una espècie de Pentaceratops.

Ara, Longrich diu que ha estudiat el fòssil en una nova llum. La comparació dels trets a través dels dinosaures amb banyes, es va trobar que les fosses nasals dels cranis "descomunal, la posició del seu nas, algunes de les cavitats dins del seu crani i moltes més característiques que no s'assemblen a Pentaceratops però les dels Triceratops i els gegants Torosaurus. En la puntuació dotzenes de trets, en general el fòssil semblava un familiar a principis dels gegants, conclou.

Aquest exemplar ha estat "problemàtic", Farka reconeix. "En aquest moment, sóc escèptic, però convincent sobre la validesa d'Titanocerotops", diu. De moment, s'inclina cap al punt de vista alternatiu que el fòssil és el que es va pensar originalment per ser: una persona descomunal de la Pentaceratops no-sobretot-titànica. Les diferències entre els ossos de l'espècimen i els de la Pentaceratops més petits podrien haver desenvolupat durant el seu creixement a una mida tan gran, Farka diu.

John Fowler Scannell i Denver al Museu de les Muntanyes Rocalloses a Montana State University a Bozeman també consideren la mostra un Pentaceratops adults grans. "Si trobeu una forma madura que probablement tindrà un aspecte diferent de les precedents etapes de creixement - ho veiem en totes les sèries de creixement que s'ha descrit un dinosaure", diu Scannell.

Confondre els dinosaures en diferents etapes de creixement de diferents espècies pot ser un problema generalitzat, diu Jack Horner, també al Museu de les Rocalloses. "Crec que la majoria dels exemplars de dinosaures que trobem representen mides subadulto," ell diu. Ell i Scannell any passat va sostenir que el que ara es considera l'espècie Triceratops és només una etapa més jove de creixement d'un dinosaure amb banyes diferents, Torosaurus
nouvo espès dinozò se Titanic

Titanoceratops pouvwa ap pi ansyen manm li te ye nan gwoup triceratops By Susan Milius

MIZE PIECEA rekonstriksyon nan yon jeyan bonè nan mitan korn dinozò toujou pote Pentaceratops yo sou etikèt nan mitan fosil yo nan Mize a Noble Sam of Natural History a Norman, Okla., men pouvwa merite yo dwe konsidere kòm yon nouvo espès, Titanoceratops. Sanford Mauldin / Copyright Sam Noble Museum, universities. nan Oklahoma
Yon zo bwa tèt fosil rar nan yon mize Oklahoma pouvwa reprezante yon nouvo kalite dinozò, jeyan nan premye korn espès yo poko jwenn.

Zo bwa Tèt la 1.2-mèt-tan pasyèl, yo jwenn ansanm ak kèk zo, merite yo dwe rekonèt kòm yon espès nan dwa pwòp, di Nick Longrich a Yale University. echantiyon yo te orijinèlman yo te jwenn nan 1941 nan wòch 74-milyon dola zan nan Meksik nòdwès New. Yon rekonstriksyon kounye a glares atè nan vizitè yo nan Mize a Noble Sam of Natural History a Norman, Okla. Jiska kounye a, paleontolog trete jwenn a kòm yon espesimèn nan dinozò yo Pentaceratops li te ye nan rejyon an Southwest weirdly gwo.

Bèt sa a pwobableman peze 6.550 kilogram, rivaling Triceratops ak elefan modèn-jou. tèt la, youn nan pi gwo nan tout bèt peyi li te ye, se te yon estime 2.6 mèt longè.Nan mwa jen Kretase Rechèch la, Longrich christens li Titanoceratops ouranos.nouvo espès yo ta ajoute yon lòt branch nan refayim pyebwa a fanmi Triceratops e yo ta vle di ke jeyan gwosè evolye kèk 5 milyon ane pi bonè pase deja panse, li te di.


Elaji
BIG HEADThe zòn blan nan dyagram nan zo bwa tèt la Titanoceratops ki pwopoze yo endike konbyen nan rekonstriksyon a parèt soti nan material.Courtesy vrè fosil nan Nick Longrich
Si Longrich se dwa ki refayim yo te kòmanse divèsifye byen bonè, "Li ta sijere gen yon bann enkoni korn dinozò chita ozalantou yo deyò," di Andrew Farke nan Raymond Mize a alf M. nan Paleontology a Claremont, Kalifòni

Zo bwa Tèt la te dekouvri nan lane 1941 te depanse 54 nan depo mize anvan chèchè netwaye ak prepare li pou montre lè ou klase nan pati ki manke, an konsideran li te yon espès Pentaceratops.

Koulye a, Longrich li di li te gade fosil la nan yon limyè nouvo. Konpare karakteristik atravè korn dinozò, li te jwenn ke twou nen kolosal kran yo, pozisyon nan nen li, kèk nan kavite ki andedan zo bwa tèt li ak anpil karakteristik pi plis sanble ak pa Pentaceratops men moun nan Triceratops yo ak Torosaurus refayim. Ki fè nòt nan plizyè douzèn karakteristik, an jeneral fosil yo nan je tankou yon relatif byen bonè nan sa yo refayim, li te fini.

gen echantiyon an te "pwoblèm," Farke rekonèt. "Kounye a, mwen alèz, men convincible sou validite nan Titanocerotops," li di. Pou moman an, se li ki enkline gade nan direksyon altènatif la ki fosil la se sa li te orijinèlman te panse yo dwe: yon moun kolosal nan Pentaceratops yo pa-patikilyèman-Titanic. Diferans ki genyen ant zo echantiyon an ak moun ki nan Pentaceratops ki pi piti yo ka gen devlope pandan y ap grandi tankou gwosè yon gwo, Farke di.

John Scannella ak Denver Fowler nan Mize a Rockies yo nan Montana Inivèsite Eta a Bozeman konsidere tou espesimèn nan yon Pentaceratops granmoun gwo. "Si ou fè jwenn yon fòm ki gen matirite li pral chans gade diferan de anvan etap kwasans - nou wè sa nan chak seri kwasans ki te dekri pou yon dinozò," Scannella di.

Twonpe dinozò nan diferan etap nan kwasans pou diferan espès pouvwa gen yon pwoblèm toupatou, di Jack Horner, tou nan Mize a Rockies yo. "Mwen panse pifò nan espesimèn yo dinozò nou jwenn reprezante gwosè subadult," li di. Li ak Scannella ane dènye sa ki te diskite ke a kounye a konsidere kòm espès yo Triceratops se jis yon etap kwasans pi piti nan yon dinozò diferan korn, Torosaurus
Нов вид диносаурус е "Титаник"

Titanoceratops можат да бидат најстар познат член на triceratops група од Сузан Milius

МУЗЕЈ PIECEA реконструкција на почетокот на гигантот меѓу рогови диносаурусите сé уште носи етикетата Pentaceratops меѓу фосили на Сем Нобл Природонаучниот музеј во Норман, Okla, но може заслужуваат да се смета за еден нов вид, Titanoceratops. Sanford Mauldin / Copyright Сем Нобл музеј, Univ.од Оклахома
Шантав фосилни череп во музејот Оклахома може да претставува нов вид на диносаурус, најрано гигант рогови видови уште не најде.

1.2 метри долг делумно черепот, кои се наоѓаат заедно со некои коски, заслужува да биде призната како вид во свој ред, вели Ник Longrich на Универзитетот Јеил. Примерокот оригинално беше откриен во 1941 година во 74-милиони-годишниот рок во северозападниот дел на Њу Мексико. А реконструкција моментов блеснува надолу кон посетителите на Сем Нобл Природонаучниот музеј во Норман, Okla До сега, палеонтолозите третира најдете како чудно огромен примерок од Pentaceratops диносауруси познати од регионот Југозапад.

Овој ѕвер веројатно тежи 6.550 килограми, rivaling Triceratops и денешна слонови. Главата, еден од најголемите на сите познати земјиште животно, беше околу 2,6 метри. Во јуни Креда истражувања, Longrich покрстува таа Titanoceratops ouranos. Новиот вид би додал уште една гранка од гигантите на семејството Triceratops дрво и би значело дека гигант големина еволуирале околу 5 милиони години порано отколку што претходно се мислеше, вели тој.


ENLARGE
ГОЛЕМ HEADThe бела површина во черепот дијаграм на предложените Titanoceratops покажува колку од прикажаните реконструкција доаѓа од реалните фосилни material.Courtesy на Ник Longrich
Ако Longrich е во право дека гиганти почнаа да се прошири порано, "Тоа би предложиле постојат многу неоткриени рогови диносаурусите поседнати околу таму", вели Ендрју Farke на Рејмонд М. Alf Музејот на Палеонтологија во Claremont, Калифорнија

Черепот откриен во 1941 година поминал 54 години во музејски простор пред истражувачи исчистени и подготвени се за прикажување со пополнување во делови кои недостасуваат, под претпоставка дека е вид на Pentaceratops.

Сега, Longrich вели тој погледна на фосилни во ново светло. Споредба особини низ рогови диносаурусите, тој покажа дека непропорционален ноздрите черепи ", позицијата на својот нос, некои од кариес во рамките на нејзините череп и многу други карактеристики не личат Pentaceratops, но оние на Triceratops и Torosaurus гиганти. Бодирање во десетици црти, целокупната фосилни изгледаше како рана во однос на оние гиганти, заклучува тој.

Примерокот е "проблематична", Farke признава. "Токму сега, јас сум скептичен но convincible во валидноста на Titanocerotops", вели тој. За момент, тој е склон кон алтернативен поглед што фосилни е она што беше првично се мислеше да бидат: на непропорционален поединечни на не-особено-Титаник Pentaceratops.Разликите меѓу коските на примерокот и оние од помалите Pentaceratops би можеле да имаат развиена додека расте до таква огромна големина, Farke вели.

Јован Scannella и Денвер Фаулер, во Музејот на Он во Монтана Државниот универзитет во Bozeman, исто така, сметаат дека моделот на големи возрасни Pentaceratops. "Ако не се најде во зрела форма веројатно ќе изгледаат различно од претходниот раст фази - ние гледаме тоа во секој раст серија која е опишана за диносаурус", вели Scannella.

Mistaking диносаурусите на различни фази од развојот на различни видови можат да бидат широко распространет проблем, вели Џек Хорнер, исто така, во Музејот на Он. "Мислам дека повеќето од диносаурус примероци наоѓаме претставуваат subadult големини", вели тој. Тој и минатата година Scannella тврдеше дека она што сега се смета за вид е само Triceratops помлада фаза на раст од различни рогови диносаурус, Torosaurus
זן חדש של דינוזאור הוא טיטניק

Titanoceratops יכול להיות חבר הידוע העתיק ביותר של הקבוצה triceratops מאת סוזן Milius

מוזיאון שיחזור PIECEA של ענקית מוקדם בקרב דינוזאורים קרניים עדיין נושאת את תווית Pentaceratops בין מאובנים של האצילים סם המוזיאון להיסטוריה של הטבע ב נורמן, Okla., אבל אולי ראוי להיחשב זן חדש, Titanoceratops. מולדין סנפורד / סם זכויות יוצרים מוזיאון אונ נובל,.אוקלהומה
מאובנים מוזרים הגולגולת במוזיאון אוקלהומה יכולה לייצג סוג חדש של דינוזאור, הענק המוקדם מינים קרניים עדיין נמצא.

הגולגולת חלקית 1.2 באורך מטר, נמצא יחד עם עצמות כמה, ראוי להיות מוכר כמין בפני עצמו, אומר ניק Longrich של אוניברסיטת ייל. הדגימה נמצאה במקור רוק 74 מיליון בן בשנת 1941 ב מערב ניו מקסיקו. שחזור כרגע נועץ אל המבקרים נובל סם המוזיאון להיסטוריה של הטבע ב נורמן, Okla. עד עכשיו, פליאונטולוגים התייחסו למצוא בתור דוגמה מוזרה ענק של דינוזאורים Pentaceratops ידוע מאזור דרום מערב.

חיה זו כנראה שקלה 6,550 ק"ג, rivaling Triceratops ו הפילים של ימינו. ראש, אחד הגדולים של כל חיה ארץ הידוע, היה כ 2.6 מטר. בשנת המחקר יוני הקרטיקון, Longrich christens זה Titanoceratops ouranos. המין החדש יהיה להוסיף עוד סניף של ענקים לעץ המשפחה Triceratops ו אומר כי גודל ענק התפתח איזה 5 מיליון שנים מוקדם יותר מאשר סברו עד כה, הוא אומר.


להגדיל
BIG אזור HEADThe לבן בדיאגרמה הגולגולת של Titanoceratops המוצע מציין כמה השחזור מוצג מגיע material.Courtesy מאובנים בפועל של ניק Longrich
אם Longrich הוא הנכון, כי ענקים החלו לגוון קודם לכן, "זה הייתי מציע יש הרבה ידועות דינוזאורים קרניים יושבים בחוץ," אומר אנדרו Farke של מ 'ריימונד אלף במוזיאון פליאונטולוגיה ב קלרמונט, קליפורניה

את הגולגולת גילה בשנת 1941 בילה 54 שנים בתחום האחסון המוזיאון לפני החוקרים ניקה והכין אותו לתצוגה על ידי מילוי החלקים החסרים, בהנחה שזה היה סוג של Pentaceratops.

עכשיו, Longrich אומר שהוא הסתכל המאובן באור חדש. השוואה בין תכונות פני דינוזאורים קרניים, הוא גילה כי הנחיריים ענקי של גולגלות, את המיקום של האף שלה, כמה חללים בתוך הגולגולת שלה הרבה יותר תכונות דומות לא Pentaceratops אבל אלה של Triceratops וענקים Torosaurus.הבקיע עשרות תכונות, כולל מאובנים נראה כמו יחסית מוקדם של ענקים אלה, הוא מסכם.

הדגימה כבר "בעייתי", מודה Farke. "כרגע, אני סקפטי, אבל convincible על תוקפו של Titanocerotops," הוא אומר. לרגע, הוא נטה להציג את החלופה כי המאובן, זה מה שזה היה חשב בתחילה להיות: יחיד ענקי של Pentaceratops לא, במיוחד-הטיטניק. ההבדלים בין עצמות של הדגימה לבין אלה של Pentaceratops קטן יכול פיתחו תוך גדל לגודל כה גדול, Farke אומר.

ג 'ון דנוור Scannella ו פאולר במוזיאון של הרי הרוקי אל מונטנה סטייט בוזמן גם לשקול את הדגימה Pentaceratops מבוגר גדול. "אם אתה מוצא את טופס בוגרת זו צפויה להיראות שונה מזו שקדמה בשלבי הצמיחה - אנו רואים את זה בסדרה כל הצמיחה תוארה על דינוזאור," Scannella אומר.

דינוזאורים בטעות בשלבים שונים של גידול עבור מינים שונים עשויה להיות בעיה נפוצה, אומר ג 'ק הורנר, גם במוזיאון של הרי הרוקי. "אני חושב שרוב דגימות דינוזאור אנו מוצאים מייצגים גדלים subadult," הוא אומר. הוא Scannella בשנה שעברה טען כי מה שנחשב כיום מינים Triceratops היא רק שלב הצמיחה הצעיר של דינוזאור קרניים שונים, Torosaurus

New Dinosaur tegund er Titanic

Titanoceratops má elsta þekktur aðili Nashyrningseðla hóp eftir Susan Milius

MUSEUM PIECEA uppbyggingu snemma risi meðal Horned risaeðlur ber enn merki Pentaceratops meðal steingervingur í Sam Noble Museum of Natural History í Norman, Okla., en gæti skilið að teljast ný tegund, Titanoceratops. Sanford Mauldin / Copyright Sam Noble Museum, Univ. of Oklahoma
An steingervingur Oddball höfuðkúpa í Oklahoma safninu getur táknað nýja tegund af risaeðlu, elstu risastór Horned tegunda enn fundið.

1,2 metra langur hluta höfuðkúpa, fann ásamt nokkrum bein, á skilið að vera viðurkennd sem tegund í sjálfu sér, segir Nick Longrich af Yale University. Eintakið var upphaflega fannst árið 1941 í 74 milljón ára gömul rokk í norðvestur New Mexico. A endurreisn nú glares niður á gesti í Sam Noble Museum of Natural History í Norman, Okla. Hingað paleontologists fengu að finna sem furðulegur mikið sýnishorn af Pentaceratops risaeðlur vitað frá Suðvestur svæði.

Þetta dýrið vó líklega 6.550 kg, rivaling Nashyrningseðla og nútímans fílar. Höfuð, einn af stærstu allir þekkt landdýrum var áætlað 2,6 metra langur. Í júní Cretaceous Research, Longrich christens það Titanoceratops ouranos. Hin nýja tegund myndi bæta öðru útibú risa til Nashyrningseðla fjölskyldu trénu og myndi þýða að risastór stærð þróast um 5 milljón árum fyrr en áður var talið, segir hann.


Stækka
BIG HEADThe hvíta svæðið í höfuðkúpu skýringarmynd af fyrirhuguðu Titanoceratops gefur til kynna hversu mikið er á skjánum uppbyggingu kemur frá raunverulegum steingervingur material.Courtesy Nick Longrich
Ef Longrich er rétt að risa fór að auka fjölbreytni áðan: "Það myndi leggja það er mikið af undiscovered Horned risaeðlur sitja í kring út þar," segir Andrew Farke af Raymond M. Alf Museum of Paleontology í Claremont, Calif

Höfuðkúpa uppgötvað árið 1941 var 54 ár í geymslu safnsins fyrir vísindamenn hreinsa og undirbúið það fyrir skjáinn með því að fylla vantar hluta, miðað við það var tegundir Pentaceratops.

Nú, Longrich segir hann hefur litið á steingervingur í nýju ljósi. Samanburður á einkennum milli Horned risaeðlur, fann hann að outsized nösum skulls ", stöðu nef hans, sumir af the holrúm innan höfuðkúpu og margar fleiri aðgerðir líkjast ekki Pentaceratops en skoðanir Nashyrningseðla og Torosaurus risa. Í sindur tugum einkenni, almennt steingervingur leit eins snemma og ættingi þeirra risa, lýkur hann.

Eintakið hefur verið "erfið" Farke viðurkennir. "Núna er ég efins en convincible um gildi Titanocerotops," segir hann. Fyrir stundu, er hann hallast í átt val afstöðu að steingervingur er það sem það var upphaflega talið vera: of stór einstaklingur á ekki-sérstaklega-Titanic Pentaceratops. Mismunur á milli bein eintakið og þeir eru hluti af minni Pentaceratops gæti hafa þróast á meðan vaxandi að svo stórt stærð, Farke segir.

John Scannella og Denver Fowler í Museum of the Rockies við Montana State University í Bozeman einnig í huga að eintakið stór Pentaceratops fullorðinn. "Ef þú finnur þroskað form sem það mun líklega líta öðruvísi á undan vexti stigum - við sjáum þetta í hvert vexti röð sem hefur verið lýst fyrir risaeðla," Scannella segir.

Mistaking risaeðlur á mismunandi stigum vöxt milli tegunda getur verið útbreitt vandamál, segir Jack Horner, líka á Museum of the Rockies. "Ég held að flestir af risaeðlu sýnum við finnum tákna subadult stærðum," segir hann. Hann og Scannella síðasta ári hélt því fram að það sem er nú talinn tegunda Nashyrningseðla er bara yngri vöxt stigi mismunandi Horned risaeðla, Torosaurus

RMS 'Titanic' – Urban Legends Part 2: What Sank the 'Titanic'?

EXPERIENCE MARVELOUS

In Part 1 of this article, we reviewed the main conspiracy theory surrounding the sinking of the ‘Titanic’, the perceived switch with RMS ‘Olympic’. This second part looks into the theories surrounding the question: ‘what sank the unsinkable?’

An Insurance Scam Massively Backfires?
The commonly-held belief that the ‘Titanic’ fatally struck an iceberg in the north Atlantic has been questioned a few times in the years since the event.

One theory is linked to Part 1 of this article and again comes from Robin Gardiner in his book “Titanic: The Ship That Never Sank?” [1998. Ian Allen Publishing]. This theory suggests that, while en-route to the proposed location where the attempt to sabotage the ship – ostensibly by releasing the sea cocks to slowly flood the vessel – was to take place, ‘Titanic / Olympic’ (henceforth referred to simply as ‘Titanic’) actually struck an un-lit International Mercantile Marine Company (IMM) vessel.

IMM had absorbed White Star Line in 1902 and the ship that was struck is said to have been one of the vessels positioned to rescue passengers from the ‘Titanic’ once the controlled sinking had commenced. This would explain why the boat was drifting without any form of lighting and why it was not seen in sufficient time to prevent the collision.

This theory, explains Gardiner, would also justify the actions of the nearby ‘Californian’, a ship that was castigated in the trials following the ‘Titanic’ tragedy for not making her way to the stricken liner to assist in the rescue. It is said that the ‘Californian’ did not react to the distress signals that were sighted as it was waiting for the ‘Titanic’ to reach it; IMM also owned the Leyland line, which operated the ‘Californian’ and the ship was on duty to rescue passengers from the ‘Titanic’. It remains unclear within the remit of this rumour as to whether the distress flares that were seen from the ‘Californian’ came from the ‘Titanic’ or the IMM ship that she had struck. Gardiner also surmises that the ice found on the deck of the liner did not come from the iceberg at all, but instead was shaken loose from the rigging of the IMM vessel and the ‘Titanic’ itself by the impact.

An unnamed survivor of the sinking also noted seeing a half-submerged vessel in the water directly after the collision; Gardiner suggests that this was most likely a lifeboat which had been knocked from the IMM ship during the collision and other theories put forward that the IMM ship then limped away from the scene so as not to be found within the area of the ‘Titanic’ although there remains the possibility that the sinking vessel sighted was in fact the IMM rescue boat itself.

Read on
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Iceberg or Pack Ice?
The iceberg theory was once again called into question in 2003 when former Captain of the Ice Pilotage Service, L. M. Collins, published his book, “The Sinking of the Titanic: The Mystery Solved” [2003, Souvenir Press]. In his study, Collins drew on his experience in ice navigation along with witness statements from the 2 post-incident enquiries that took place at the time.

Collins notes that reports relating to the height of the ice varied dependant on the position on the ship of the witness. These reports varied from being low in the water on the starboard side, through 60ft high in front of the ship to a massive 100ft (30m) high being reported by Quartermaster Rowe on the poop deck. Collins suggests that this difference in heights can be attributed to an optical illusion common to navigators of ice plains whereby cold air and flat seas combine to make the ice appear to be as high as the vessel’s lights at that point. The lights of the ‘Titanic’ were positioned at approximately 60ft above the waterline at the bow and 100ft above the waterline along the superstructure of the ship. The report of ice being low in the water came from Fourth Officer Boxhall who was positioned on the darkened starboard side at the time of the collision.

Further to this Collins states that, as the ‘Titanic’ turned through pivoting at a point located approximately a quarter of her length from the bow, reports of the ship being pulled hard to starboard would have actually resulted in the ship not catching a glancing blow from the iceberg but instead striking it square on the starboard side. Collins relates that a collision such as this would be more likely to crush the entire starboard hull and possibly even the superstructure resulting in the ship capsizing and sinking within minutes.

Part 3 of this article delves into the world of the unknown as we look at some supernatural-themed legends of the ‘Titanic’!

A Titanic Competition Kindle vs. iPad for reading

Almost two years ago, the Amazon’s Kindle indubitably suppressed its e-reading competitors with a shiny design, 3G access integrated and affordable price. After a short period of time, the titan Apple released the innovative iPad. Despite the iPad `s versatility, is distinct in many ways from a dedicated e-reader, as the Apple’s marketing has outlined the device as an applicable replacement for books. So aroused the question: which one is better Kindle vs. iPad for reading? Bellow you will find a useful guide in comparing Kindle vs. iPad for reading.
Kindle vs. iPad for reading- Readability
Prior the iPad, the fundamental base of all e-readers began with the e-ink process. This type of foundation encompasses closer the smooth and comfortable look of paper. Although that the iPad is designed with an IPS LCD screen and from a technical point of view displays a better contrast, the Kindle controls an extraordinary approximation of newsprint. The Kindle provides the user the opportunity to read it easily even when it is positioned under direct sunlight, and with the lack of a 60Hz refresh rate, the device manages to make it easier on the eyes over a long period of usability. At this category, the winner is by far the advanced Kindle.
Kindle vs. iPad for reading- Graphics
As a disadvantage to all the Kindle’s clear newspapers-like qualities, it is also including impressive graphics capability, which illustrates the print version of USA Today aspect like a technological triumph. Kindle provides only sixteen shades of grey in comparison to the iPad, which offers full color. The iPad has also the ability to refresh up to 60 times per second, in generally for fluid video. Typically, for magazines and virtual features, the Kindle is the perfect choice, but at this category the iPad is dominant.
Kindle vs. iPad for reading-iBookStores
As the numbers say it all, the Amazon Kindle Store has gathered over 700,000 titles, involving both books and magazines. The Apple iBookstore has a significantly small number, of only 60,000 titles. More than half of the Apple`s titles came from the Goutenberg Project, which represents a source of free copyright books that expired.

Trusting The USS Titanic

When the Twenty-First Century arrived it brought with it a star-crossed and seriously flawed feral government that was and still is, very much like the HMS Titanic-"the UNSINKABLE ship" that would set global-precedents for the whole-world. What follows is an analogy with some surprisingly parallels between the failures that led to the sinking of the Titanic and the immanent collapse of the United States.

That vain boast as to the "unsinkable ship" is here compared to the "Too-big-to-fail" farce that USI has trotted out at every turn whenever their corrupted institutions and con-artists became too-exposed to the public. The claims for the Titanic did not even survive its maiden voyage. Yet the parallels to The HMS Titanic when compared with the record of USI's - USS Titanic; are very hard to refute! The "EPISODE II" poster refers to the Bush Jr. ATTACK on Iraq which was really just a massive-surge that was done to augment the 1991 war that never ended.

WE WERE WARNED, repeatedly, about basing everything we supposedly were determined to become; on something as shallow and greedy as the Global-Power Grab that began with Bush-junior's appointment to the presidency on 12-12-2000.

It didn't take us long to begin to try to steal everything which is forbidden by nature and by the real-world-order. If only more people had listened to the warnings or had actually looked carefully at all 'our' early non-reactions-then this entire theater-of-the-absurd could have been prevented. Look at this poster and REMEMBER just how transparent this entire charade has always been. It technically "succeeded" because so many Amerrikans thought that they could just 'go-along' and make some real money on everything that all of us "KNEW' that we were doing while we broke all the laws both national and international! Because after-all 'This was America and "America" can do anything we are determined to do-and to hell with anyone that gets in our way"! It's been eleven years now since we made the boast: But this question remains "Are you better off now than you were in 1999"?

Bush began spying on all of us many months before 911, and there was a mild fuss over the too-freely given access that the phone companies gave to the new shadow-government that was using the constitution for toilet-paper early on. But this entire episode did not even come-out until long AFTER 911 had already become a very-ugly part of human-history. By then; because of the effectiveness of false-flag-terrorism it was considered "necessary" to protect the public from "Everything that might ever present any kind of threat to American lives." And of course the gullible public bought it all; especially the need to eliminate human rights "in order to keep us safe from the horror of "terror-attacks" that have to this day never materialized. Nine-eleven itself does not count because it was clearly an Inside-Job; just look at who and what has directly profited-beyond-belief, from the criminal-acts that were committed against this country on that day!

The HMS Titanic was designed to remain viable, regardless of any physical damage; because it was divided into individual compartments, below the water-line, that could each be sealed off ­ so that almost no amount of real damage to the ship could cause it to sink. USI has tried to do the same thing with government-compartmentalization. However once HOMELAND Security became a fact; that massive across the board fusion of 22 different agencies insured that the separation-walls between divisions of government were all simultaneously breached. This designed-flaw was purposely constructed to breach all the legislative protections for the public that had arisen from the lessons learned after the Stock Market Crash of 1929. Once Clinton had abolished the last of these "protections" (The Glass-Stiegel Act) then that opened the path to plunder, to blood and to open criminality was wide open for those in the best position to take full advantage of the fact that USI had officially become an OUTLAW enclave.

With the separation-walls gone that had kept corruption out of banking and commerce, out of the military-congressional-industrial-complex, and virtually the entirety of Wall Street, the BANKS, insurance companies and Hedge Funds as well as the total corruption of all the oversight agencies charged with regulating everything from communications to health, from clean air and water, to genetically modified (but poisoned) food, water, air and earth: CORRUPTION became the only game in town, supported and expanded on by the Zionists in control of what were supposed to be the very walls of separation that were suppose to have kept the nation on course and vibrant. With the final surrender of the Department of Justice to the Dark Side, in that "just-us" no longer prosecutes anyone for Treason or the traitors everywhere throughout the government that are either guilty of war-profiteering, or of the obscenities surrounding the so-called profits for the filthy-rich, while the poor and the middle-class have basically been told to order their own-coffins because very soon they will mostly all be dead.

For the last eleven years we have been going backwards on every front; especially given that when the USS TITANIC was launched on 12-12-2000 the nation had a surplus. Today we are over $1.5 Quadrillion in DEBT, and we are continuing to fail on every front, dramatically, with every passing hour. The real problem is that the same people that created this insurmountable DEBT, and our national demise, are still in charge of this sinking ship of state.

In any other nation the public would be out-in-the-streets with whatever they could find to drive this government and their corporate-partners from power, no-matter the position previously held. IF the public were not so busy blaming each other for "what went wrong" (Wisconsin, Ohio, & Indiana) then "we" could come together now to prosecute those that have been attacking us for the last eleven years; with trials followed by death for everything they have plotted to achieve at our expense. The 'demonstrations' in the Eastern USA should stop labeling people as democrats or republicans because those terms mean absolutely nothing (their platforms can be changed as frequently as most people change their underwear): So there is in actuality, NOTHING for which either party could be said to "stand for", except egregious and illegal profits for the elites; at the expense of the rest of the population. (1)

Compartmentalization was only half of what the HMS Titanic claimed would keep her safe. The other half of that boast was based on the experience of the Captain and the crew of this flagship; that would definitely steer the ship to safety regardless of "the conditions." In the case of the USS TITANIC we have not had leaders at any time in my memory, except possibly JFK, who was also tarred by the same brush as all the rest. If you examine the appointees along with the entire congress and the whole court system, aside from the criminal US Supreme Court that made this all possible; any rational person would have to conclude that this nation has been invaded and is now an occupied country being run 'of the Zionists, by the Zionists and for the Zionists': This has clearly been the case since Bush stole the White House in 2000.

Many might actually remember that Bush & his Bandits ruled this place for eight of the eleven years being looked at here. Yet no one seems to remember his war crimes, his illegal spying operations that have directly led to the TSA and VIPER obscenities of today's world of transportation in which everyone that tries to fly is considered an enemy of the United States; except those people who are wearing TSA uniforms, who are in reality the true ENEMIES of all Americans, everywhere.

How is it that the FED the SEC, the Treasury and Wall Street could have failed the nation so completely and still reap so much more money personally by way of ungodly BONSUSES; while the banks fail to provide loans, Insurance companies fail to insure or charge so much that it is impossible for the public to participate. Under Cheney-Bush-Obama both lawyers and doctors have become PUBLIC ENEMIES. Lawyers are afraid to defend people from the government and must be disbarred for their failure to carry out their supposedly sworn duties as "officers of the courts." Doctors and the AMA have also gone against their own first principle: "FIRST DO NO HARM" Yet these doctors are continuing to force people to vaccinate their babies, their children and themselves with substances that any first year medical student knows will kill the recipient. Shrinks and so-called psychologists ought to also come under intense scrutiny because far too many in these "professions" (that have never "cured" anyone of anything) are now following the governments' bullshit-line on terror & terrorists; that is coming out of the sewer of government propaganda which has polluted the airwaves and publications along with the entire entertainment industry: Thanks hugely to the Zionists that control it all because this public hasn't the guts to demand what they have paid for dozens of times over-but have NEVER received; which is decent response from the government that is supposed to protect and legislate FOR them; when in fact everything this government has done has been aimed at the total destruction of this society down to the smallest of details.

Currently congress is debating shutting down the government, ala Newt Gingrich, our national t*rd in the punchbowl who successfully shut down government under Reagan and is relishing the possibility giving us all a look at SHUTDOWN II; thanks to the colossal failures of USI in every area of responsibility to the public; which USI has now labeled "THE ENEMY" of all that USI says that they "control."

BTW, the seas surrounding the metaphorical USS TITANIC are filled with icebergs and the waters are so cold that lifeboats will not be launched ­ so all of those that have failed to question anything from the safety of the ship-of-state, to the qualifications of those members of the crew from the captain of the ship, all the way down to the lowest of the stewards will just have to go down with the ship! This would seem a fitting burial, anonymously, somewhere in the great deep oceans of history for so many to have to die because they chose not to try to save themselves or those they said they loved-when they had the chance to end this nightmare before it became so cowardly, so ugly, and so very deadly.

If what is happening to this country was to have happened in any other country; people would have taken to the streets with the theft of the White House in 2001, instead of allowing the so-called "Inauguration" to proceed uninterrupted. But Amerrikans are far too self-concerned to even notice that their government and the elections of the presidency had been stolen from them in broad-daylight! The proof of this is in the fact that people in poverty and situations of absolute destitution, starvation and thirst have resisted in their own countries, after only 40 years of this treatment: While Amerrikans have been living under these conditions of national-tyranny since 1913 (That's 98 years of slavery, disguised as representative democracy).

People around the world have been listening to that personal call for real-freedom that is being answered in dozens of foreign states now by millions of people; while the US mumbles and fumbles its way through criminally-inspired governors that are trying to publicly seize whole states (Wisconsin, Ohio & Indiana). (2)

Where's the rage, but more importantly where's the REAL OUTRAGE! Maybe things are not "bad-enough' yet: But the interesting fact is that if we continue to wait for them to "get bad enough" then any response to that will simply BE TOO LATE-it's a CATCH-22 that can only be avoided by acting NOW!

Oprah Network Versenkung wie die Titanic (kein Fett Witz gedacht)

5. März 2011 · 15 KOMMENTARE
Die Kraft und die Herrlichkeit, dass Oprah ist nicht mehr war. Im vergangenen Jahr kündigte der TV-Show Schreihals war sie verlassen ihre erfolgreiche syndizierten TV-Show startete ihr eigenes Kabelnetz, und setzte sich wieder an den Saugern tune in. Uhr

Es hat nicht ganz aus ganz so, wie sie gehofft hatte gearbeitet. The Oprah Winfrey Network, besser bekannt als KFW, zog 1,2 Millionen Zuschauer am Starttag, aber es ist alles bergab seitdem.


"Schauen Sie in meine Augen. Sie werden die Oprah Channel zu sehen. Sie werden die Oprah Channel Liebe. Sie werden Geld in die Oprah Channel zu senden."
The Telegraph UK berichtet, dass Oprah's Allwissenheit ist vorbei:

Die eigenen Kanal, der vor zwei Monaten ins Leben gerufen, wird von nur 135.000 Menschen zu jeder Zeit beobachtet.

Die Ratings sind 10 Prozent niedriger als bei den Kabelkanal es ersetzt die Discovery Health genannt wurde.

Und nur 45.000 von den Zuschauern sind Frauen im Alter von 25 bis 54, das Publikum den Kanal, angestrebt wird.

Miss Winfrey, 57, hat Geduld und forderte Befürworter sagen Ratings zu verbessern, wenn die Talkshow-Host beginnt mehr regelmäßig erscheinenden sich gegen Ende des Jahres.

Sie wird immer noch beschäftigt sein Film "The Oprah Winfrey Show" für die ABC-Netzwerk bis September, aber dann in der Lage, mehr Zeit für ihre eigenen Kanal zu widmen. Das wird auch mit ihrer eigenen Show zwei oder drei Nächte in der Woche.

Oprah ist die Rettung Reiten. Hell, würden wir uns einstellen, nur um zu sehen, wie das Pferd, das Last behandelt.
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First Congregational Chiesa accoglie nuovo ministro senior Listen Read phoneticallyDictionary - View detailed dictionary

CHEYENNE - Il reverendo Kevin Frank è emozionato per il futuro di primo Congregational Church a Cheyenne.

Dopo aver prestato servizio come pastore interim lì per un po 'meno di un anno, si sente la sua nomina alla posizione di ministro a tempo pieno è l'inizio di grandi cose a venire.

"Sono molto eccitato di essere qui. E 'solo una straordinaria opportunità per me", ha detto Frank. "La chiesa ha avuto un ruolo significativo nella comunità per molti anni, e cercherò di mantenere in questo modo durante il mio tempo qui".

Frank ha vissuto a Cheyenne per gli ultimi sette anni ed è stato nel ministero pastorale dal 1987. Durante il suo periodo come pastore interim, Frank ha lavorato presso Johnson Junior High.

Ha detto che ha sempre ritenuto che lavorare in qualità di ministro era stata la chiamata di Dio sulla sua vita.

Ha sentito parlare di apertura dal precedente parroco della chiesa, JD Megason, che ha consigliato di presentare domanda per la slot provvisori.

"Ho iniziato come pastore interim lo scorso gennaio, e dopo qualche tempo è diventato chiaro questo è dove Dio ci ha voluto essere", ha detto Frank.

First Congregational Chiesa ha celebrato il suo 140 ° anniversario nel luglio 2009 ed è stata una delle prime chiese in America di usare l'elettricità.

Frank sarà il 22 alle pastore della chiesa.

Tradizionalmente, la Chiesa non ha guardato il pastore interim per riempire la posizione a tempo pieno. Ma nel caso di Frank, il comitato di ricerca fatto un'eccezione, secondo il membro del comitato Doug Ricketts.

"Inizialmente abbiamo iniziato la nostra ricerca attraverso Internet, e abbiamo avuto circa 10 persone si applica, e siamo stati in grado di restringere il campo a due candidati da lì", ha affermato Ricketts, che ha anche a fungere da moderatore per la chiesa. "Perché siamo una Chiesa della Congregazione, prendiamo la direzione dal corpo, e hanno messo insieme una petizione per avere Kevin presi in considerazione per il lavoro a tempo pieno come bene."

Alla fine Frank è stato scelto dopo una ricerca durata un anno.

"Credo che la convocazione di un ministro dovrebbe essere un processo lungo, ma ... Sono contenta che sia avvenuto entro l'anno", ha detto Ricketts. "Credo che la commissione di ricerca imparato molto durante il processo, e Kevin venire a noi c'era una vera vocazione."

Ricketts ha anche detto che sullo sfondo di Frank come pastore locale ha svolto un ruolo importante nella scelta della congregazione.

"Anche se abbiamo cercato un pastore a livello nazionale, Kevin è una sorta di climatizzata con il tempo e la comunità. Lui sa quello che sta in", ha detto Ricketts.

Don Day Sr., il moderatore ha passato al First Congregational, ha detto Kevin desiderio di mantenere e ricostruire legami con la comunità di adattarsi bene con obiettivi a lungo termine della chiesa.

"Kevin è molto interessata nel tendere la mano alla comunità in modo più aggressivo rispetto a quanto abbiamo fatto nel recente passato. Penso che l'obiettivo e la voglia veramente bene insieme con i nostri piani per il futuro," ha detto.